Graphene's Market Growth

The global graphene market size in 2019 was US$87.5 million, it is expected to reach US$876.8 million by 2027 with a compound annual growth rate of 40.2% in the next 6 years.

Considering that graphene has not even completely passed into the stage of mass production, there is a huge demand in the market. The growth of and great demand for graphene is due to its unique properties and the increased interest from scientists in its study.

Graphene is a material consisting of a crystal lattice, which is formed by hexagons of atoms. Graphene is a single lattice layer one atom thick and due to this unique property, it is the thinnest material known to exist; Graphene is 60 times thinner than the smallest virus, it is at least 150 times thinner than SARS-CoV-2. According to the researchers, the diameter of the virus has been found to range from anywhere between 50 nm to 140 nm, whereas graphene’s thickness measures at 0.33 nm. This distinctive factor could assist scientists to make progress in protecting against Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) as graphene can be used to improve personal protective equipment.

The nanotechnology industry is extremely interested in graphene. Nanotechnology plays a big role in assisting with emergency viral sicknesses, including COVID- 19. According to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), nanoscale structures offer exceptional physicochemical and organic homes in comparison to macro and micro materials. For example, drug encapsulation into nanocarriers makes it feasible to control its launch charge withinside the goal sites, enhance biocompatibility and reduce toxicity in healthy tissues.  Additionally, nanomaterials reduce the possibility of viral infection through the air and from infected surfaces and can be extremely beneficial in sterilizing protective devices in institutions such as health facilities.

Nanomaterials can also be used in electric and optical devices, this has been broadly explored within the improvement of diagnostic methods, for example, point-of-care (POC) biosensors. The sensitivity of detection can be increased through the usage of nanoparticles, which permits us to interpret the evaluation at low concentrations. This technique contributes to decreased analysis times and increased isolation times which can facilitate quicker care of those infected with SARS-CoV-2. The interactions of nanomaterials and organic interfaces are then the premise for potential (bio)clinical packages. As you can see, nanotechnology affords new possibilities to combat COVID-19 by allowing new, quicker and higher varieties of prevention, analysis and remedy.

Based on the properties and benefits of these nanostructures, we can understand nanomedicine techniques and feasible packages that might facilitate control of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is because of the current global pandemic that the graphene market is expected to show an even larger growth.

Graphene is 3000 times thinner than a bacterium and 300,000 times thinner than a sheet of paper, it has this structure due to sp2-hybridization and the fact there are four electrons on the outer shell of the carbon atom. During sp2-hybridization, three of the four enter into a bond with neighbouring atoms and the fourth forms energy bands. Graphene is a thermal conductor, demonstrates flexibility, elasticity and is 97% transparent. Alongside these incredible properties, graphene is also the strongest known material: stronger than steel and diamond. Graphene also perfectly conducts electric currents, its uniqueness is that it has the same structure as semiconductors, while it conducts electricity itself - like conductors. In fact, the electronic and semiconductor industry is considered the main contributing factor to the rapid growth of the global graphene market. This growth is also influenced by the growing demand for consumer electronics, primarily mobile phones, tablets and other personal devices. Some graphene studies have shown that graphene’s high electrical conductivity is the most efficient property and can be used in batteries by replacing lithium batteries. It also has a high mobility of charge carriers inside the material, this is why graphene detects signals in photo and video equipment so much faster than other materials.

In terms of quantity, the automotive and transportation industries are the industries with the largest application potential from the graphene market. Graphene can be used in various applications in these industries, such as composite structural parts, automotive batteries, tires and damage prevention systems. Increased demand for these applications is expected to be a catalyst in the advancement of the graphene market. Supercapacitors, due to their small size, have long been used in the automotive industry as intermediate storage systems. However, the limitation is related to the key characteristics of ionic capacitors: they have a huge power output per unit mass with a small energy reserve. In their pure form, they cannot replace the chemical traction batteries in electric vehicles but a certain combination of supercapacitors and traditional lithium batteries provide a remarkable combination of performance for cars, Skeleton Technologies is convinced.

Super batteries actually span the principle of energy storage in capacitors and chemical reactions. Incidentally, Tesla's acquisition of Maxwell Technologies, one of the leading manufacturers of supercapacitors in 2019, also shows that automakers are confident in the future of battery technology. Lithium-ion batteries did not have their last words.  Audi CEO Marcus Dussmann told German publication Automobilwoche that the company has stopped working on all new internal combustion engines. This means there will be no next-generation gasoline or diesel engines, although engineers will continue to modernize existing engines. The upcoming Euro 7 standard, with stricter emission limits, is going to be introduced in 2025 and will undoubtedly divide the automotive world into two different groups. On the one hand, some people will continue to produce internal combustion vehicles, although their cruising range will be reduced due to the transition to hybrid vehicles. On the other hand, there will be far more car manufacturers who have no choice but to permanently abandon the internal combustion engine and switch to the electric motor. Audi joined this group and officially announced the end of the development of internal combustion engines. Markus Düssmann, CEO of the famous German brand, stated that the development of new internal combustion engines is no longer possible and it is best to adapt existing engines to future standards before they are finally eliminated. This means that the production of Audi's iconic TDI and TFSI engines is about to end, whilst the production of Audi's two iconic models, the R8 and TT, is also about to finish.  They have no direct expected successors and in fact, Audi plans to launch 20 electric models in the next five years. The brand also announced its intention to transform major models such as the A4 and A6 into fully electric vehicles by the end of this century.; this puts Audi on the path planned by rival brand Mercedes. Last week, Markus Schäfer, a board member responsible for Mercedes development, too stated that the company will no longer develop internal combustion engines. "This means that most of the investment can now be really invested in electric vehicles," Schäfer told Handelsblatt. However, what about the Tesla? What is so interesting and unique about Tesla? Tesla models are unique in that they drive electric motors without using gasoline, the main player in Tesla car models is batteries. Now imagine that 20 minutes of charging the car is enough to travel 1000 kilometres or more. It might be hard to imagine that almost all cars in the not too distant future will be electric, but the evidence above shows that the world's leading car companies are planning to focus on producing electric cars. With the properties of graphene, this is the material that all engineers in the auto industry will pay attention to first.  Graphene is currently being researched and found to have incredible properties for a material composed of carbon, so it's no surprise that not only engineers but also many scientists in this field are invested and involved in its development.

The Graphene studies record has been curated by taking into account various factors that decide the local increase along with the economic, environmental, social, technological and political reputation of each specific region. Analysts have studied the records of sales, production and producers of every region. This phase analyses region-sensible sales and the extent of the forecast duration between 2015 to 2026. These will assist individuals to recognize the worth of funding in a selected region.